CO N
UMBERS
T
O
R
EMEMBER
Although there are several sources causing CO ove r - e x p o s u r e conditions, there are a few common pro b l e m s
related to combustion, such as inadequate ventilation, tight buildings, and fuels releasing CO.
PPM CO T i m e Symptoms
9 PPM - 24 hour National ambient air quality limit for CO (EPA's outdoor) (ASHRAE indoor)
CO “Action" level for many public safety organizations.
3 5 P P M 8 hours Maximum 8 hr workplace exposure (OSHA)
2 0 0 P P M 3 hours Mild headache, fatigue, nausea and dizziness.
4 0 0 P P M 2 hours Serious headache, dizziness, and nausea. Life threatening after 3 hours.
8 0 0 PPM 45 min Dizziness, nausea, convulsions, and unconsciousness. Death within 2-3 hrs.
3 2 0 0 P P M 5-10 min Dizziness, nausea, convulsions, and unconsciousness. Death within 25-30 min.
6 4 0 0 P P M 1-2 min Death within 10-15 minutes.
1 2 , 8 0 0 P P M 30 sec Death within 1-3 minutes.
The above information has been compiled from a number of sources listed below, and is intended as non-
technical re f e r ence related to Carbon Mo n o xide poisoning within a work environment as it relates to the Combustion
A n a l y z ers and/or CO detectors being used. Such equipment being operated in these conditions are intended to be used
by qualified professionals or under the supervision of one. UEi strongly urges all technicians to follow state and local
guidelines and safety regulations. The above information is provided in good faith and is believed to be correct as of the
date compiled. It is expected that individuals receiving the information will exe r cise their independent judgment in
determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose. Ac c o r d i n g l y, UEi will not be responsible for damages of any kind
resulting from the use of this information or updates of data post printing.
A m e r ican Conference of Gove rnmental In d u s t r ial Hygienist ( ACG I H )
Occupational Safety & Health Ad m i n i s t r a t i o n ( O S H A )
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ( N I O S H )
A m e r ican Society of Heating, Re f r igeration & Air-Conditioning Engineers ( A S H R A E )
A m e r ican In d u s t r ial Hygiene Association ( A I H A )
H
OW
D
OES
CO A
FFEC T
U
S
When victims inhale CO, the toxic gas enters the bloodstream and replaces the oxygen molecules
found on the critical blood component, hemoglobin, depriving the heart and brain of the oxygen necessary to
function.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Symptoms
• Mild exposure:
- Often described as flu-like symptoms, including slight headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue.
• Medium exposure:
- Severe throbbing headache, drowsiness, confusion, fast heart rate.
• Extreme exposure:
- Unconsciousness, convulsions, cardiorespiratory failure, death.
CO poisoning victims may initially suffer flu-like symptoms including nausea, fatigue, headaches,
dizziness, confusion and breathing difficulty. Because CO poisoning often causes a victim's blood pressure to
rise, the victim's skin may become pink and flushed. Many cases of reported carbon monoxide poisoning indi-
cate that while victims are aware they are not well, they become so disoriented, that they are unable to save
themselves by either exiting the building or calling for assistance.
IMPORTANT
CO INFORMATION
10
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